{"id":1273,"date":"2026-04-15T16:46:52","date_gmt":"2026-04-15T13:46:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/daimon.me\/aleph\/?p=1273"},"modified":"2026-04-15T16:46:52","modified_gmt":"2026-04-15T13:46:52","slug":"cuvinte-multe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/daimon.me\/aleph\/2026\/cuvinte-multe\/","title":{"rendered":"Cuvinte multe"},"content":{"rendered":"

Un articol de pe blogul The Language Nerds ridic\u0103 o \u00eentrebare interesant\u0103: cre\u0219te inteligen\u021ba pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce \u00eenve\u021bi din ce \u00een ce mai multe cuvinte?<\/a><\/p>\n

Pescuim urm\u0103toarele idei:<\/p>\n

(..) … am putea pune \u0219i \u00eentrebarea cu semn contrar: ne-ar putea oare limita un vocabular limitat \u00een ceea ce g\u00eendim?[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

.. \u00cen esen\u021b\u0103, ipoteza Sapir-Whorf are fix aceea\u0219i premiz\u0103, care la r\u00eendul ei este bazat\u0103 pe unele dovezi cum c\u0103 vorbitorii unei limbi diferite [de a noastr\u0103], c\u0103rora le lipsesc seturi diferite de cuvinte, g\u00eendesc diferit [fa\u021b\u0103 de noi].[2]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

Dac\u0103 privim \u00eens\u0103 fondul chestiunii, probabil se exagereaz\u0103 cu \u201eefectele\u201d astea. Computerul n-a existat \u00eenainte de \u00eensu\u0219i cuv\u00eentul \u201ecomputer\u201d – \u0219i totu\u0219i lipsa cuv\u00eentului n-a \u00eempiedicat ca cineva s\u0103-\u0219i imagineze conceptul. Pe aceea\u0219i direc\u021bie, limba englez\u0103 nu poate exprima \u00eentr-un singur cuv\u00eent \u201es\u0103 te bucuri de r\u0103ul altuia\u201d, \u00een vreme ce germana are cuv\u00eentul \u201eSchadenfreude\u201d – \u0219i totu\u0219i pot [eu, autorul, vorbitor de englez\u0103] s\u0103 simt pe bune genul \u0103sta de sentimente, \u00een cel mai autentic mod cu putin\u021b\u0103. Multe cercet\u0103ri arat\u0103 c\u0103 prezen\u021ba sau absen\u021ba unei no\u021biuni \u00een limbaj poate avea ceva \u201eefecte\u201d – \u00eenlesnirea sau \u00eencetinirea procesului g\u00eendirii, \u00eens\u0103 nu-i vorba despre (lips\u0103 a posibilit\u0103\u021bii de) a g\u00eendi ceva nou \u00eentrutotul.[3]<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Pu\u021bin cam pedestru formulat – dar hey, asta se \u00eent\u00eempl\u0103 \u00een general cu popularizarea \u0219tiin\u021bei. Nu se intr\u0103 \u00een detalii prea multe, c\u0103 devine prea greu de urm\u0103rit[4]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n

*<\/p>\n

Exact a\u0219a cum zice \u0219i-n citanie, omul c\u0103ruia \u00eei lipse\u0219te no\u021biunea\/simbolul pentru vreo chestiune mai complex\u0103 nu-i complet incapabil s\u0103-\u0219i reprezinte chestiune aia; doar c\u0103 actul g\u00eendirii cere efort suplimentar, repetat cumva de novo<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Cum \u00eei explici altcuiva c\u0103 te-ai bucurat de vreun ter\u021b fraier c\u0103 \u0219i-a luat \u021beap\u0103[5]<\/a><\/sup>[6]<\/a><\/sup>? Dac\u0103-\u021bi lipse\u0219te termenul adecvat (Schadenfreude), po\u021bi s\u0103 spui prin perifraze. At\u00eeta doar c\u0103 perifrazele sunt mai greoaie de manevrat prin limbaj, \u0219i mai r\u0103u de at\u00eeta, expun varia\u021biuni care duc invariabil (heh) la discu\u021bii relativ sterile despre ce-a vrut autorul s\u0103 spun\u0103 cu precizie.<\/p>\n

Odat\u0103 discutat\u0103 \u0219i b\u0103tut\u0103 \u00een cuie o no\u021biune, ea \u00eenlesne\u0219te procesele de g\u00eendire \u0219i comunicare. Asta-i toat\u0103 \u0219mecheria.<\/p>\n

Autorul citatului de mai sus gr\u0103ie\u0219te corect, n-ai nevoie de termenul de \u201ecomputer\u201d pentru a inventa un computer, tot a\u0219a cum analiza matematic\u0103 nu avea un nume p\u00een\u0103 n-a fost inventat\u0103. Dar ce rateaz\u0103 autorul s\u0103 noteze este faptul c\u0103 \u00een lipsa no\u021biunii de \u201ecomputer\u201d, \u021bi-e greu s\u0103 explici altcuiva ce mama dracului ai inventat (sau vrei s\u0103 inventezi) tu acolo.<\/p>\n

*<\/p>\n

Ce m\u0103 mai intereseaz\u0103 pe mine este \u00eens\u0103 unde putem merge cu observa\u021biile din articol. Hai s\u0103 \u00eencerc\u0103m o clasificare: orice no\u021biune ce-o invent\u0103m trebuie s\u0103 mearg\u0103, grosier vorbind, pe una din dou\u0103 filiere: ori denot\u0103 un \u201ece\u201d care adaug\u0103 pe orizontal\u0103 la c\u00eempul cunoa\u0219terii, adaug\u0103 o perl\u0103 la \u0219irag (e.g. ca \u0219i cum ai ad\u0103uga un element nou la tabelul lui Mendeleev), ori denot\u0103 un \u201ece\u201d care adaug\u0103 pe vertical\u0103 la complexitatea no\u021bional\u0103 pe care o ducem \u00een cap, adaug\u0103 un supra-set peste un grup de alte no\u021biuni.<\/p>\n

Ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 pentru o persoan\u0103 oarecare s\u0103 \u0219tie multe cuvinte, deci? S\u0103 \u0219tie, adic\u0103 nu doar s\u0103 le recunoasc\u0103 pe foaie sau \u00een vorbire, ci s\u0103 priceap\u0103 ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 ele.<\/p>\n

P\u0103i \u00eenseamn\u0103 \u00een primul r\u00eend c\u0103 persoana are mai multe instrumente \u00een geant\u0103. Nu-i totuna s\u0103 fii aruncat \u00eentr-o lupt\u0103 iar tu s\u0103 fii \u00eenarmat doar cu o furcu-lingur\u0103 (spork!), sau s\u0103 ai la purt\u0103tor dou\u0103 s\u0103bii, trei cu\u021bite \u0219i-o ghioag\u0103. Efortul de-a studia cuvintele, no\u021biunile din spatele lor, respectiv modul cum se construiesc ele, este efort intelectual care mai pl\u0103te\u0219te \u0219i dob\u00eend\u0103 prin \u00eenlesnirea \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103rii viitoare.<\/p>\n

(\u0102sta-i marele clenci pe care nu-l pricep defel mami\u021bele \u0219i bunicu\u021bele care doresc a-\u0219i scuti copilul de efort la \u0219coal\u0103, pe tiparul \u201elas’ c\u0103 nu-l scoatem matematician \/ scriitor<\/em>\u201d. Sigur c\u0103 nu iese copilul scriitor, dar faptul c-a depus efort s\u0103 priceap\u0103 ce zice poetul printre r\u00eenduri \u00eel \u00eenarmeaz\u0103 pentru a pricepe tehnicile literare aplicate apoi prin reclame, prin copywriting, prin discursuri de politicieni etc \u0219amd.)<\/p>\n

Pe de alt\u0103 parte, simpla cunoa\u0219tere a unor no\u021biuni \u00ee\u021bi \u00eenlesne\u0219te via\u021ba, pentru c\u0103 fiecare pietricic\u0103 de cunoa\u0219tere se adaug\u0103 la alte pietricele, iar ochii min\u021bii v\u0103d mai limpede ce se \u00eent\u00eempl\u0103, respectiv care-i c\u00eempul posibilit\u0103\u021bilor. S\u0103 lu\u0103m din drum un exemplu pedestru: una-i s\u0103 \u0219tii \u0219i s\u0103 \u00een\u021belegi defini\u021bia clinic\u0103 a narcisismului, alta-i s\u0103 fii copil(\u0103) de 17 ani\u0219ori cu ochi umezi, pe care-o duce de nas orice pulete care are vorbele la purt\u0103tor[7]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Pe de alt\u0103 parte, nici cunoa\u0219terea asta nu merge chiar \u00een gol. Degeaba \u0219tii no\u021biuni dac\u0103 nu le pricepi referentul, pe ce se \u00eentemeiaz\u0103 ele. Mintea este perfect dispus\u0103 s\u0103 \u00eengurgiteze pseudo-no\u021biuni, s\u0103-\u0219i \u00eenchipuie c\u0103 a vedea \u0219i recunoa\u0219te simbolul (cuv\u00eentul) este totuna cu a \u00een\u021belege ce denot\u0103 el. Doar c\u0103 multe no\u021biuni nu pot fi pricepute dec\u00eet prin experimentarea personal\u0103 a ceva din zona respectiv\u0103, sau prin efort cognitiv sus\u021binut. Cum zice \u0219i Taleb, trebuie un pic pus\u0103 pielea la b\u0103taie[8]<\/a><\/sup>, altfel \u0219tiin\u021ba este steril\u0103.<\/p>\n

*<\/p>\n

Pe scurt, poate c\u0103 a \u0219ti multe cuvinte nu-\u021bi cre\u0219te inteligen\u021ba. Dar drumul tot acela este, \u0219i altul nu-i. Primul pas este s\u0103 \u0219tii cuvinte (\u0219i s\u0103 le \u00een\u021belegi).<\/p>\n----------

  1. we can also consider the opposite question: Does a limited vocabulary limit what you can think about?[↩<\/a>]<\/span><\/li>
  2. This is essentially the premise of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis<\/a>\u00a0which is based on some evidence showing that speakers of language lacking certain words think about things differently.[↩<\/a>]<\/span><\/li>
  3. The fact of the matter, however, is that these effects are likely overblown. The computer didn\u2019t exist before the word computer, yet someone conceptualized it without the word. Similarly, English doesn\u2019t happen to have a single word for \u201cthe pleasure one feels for someone else\u2019s misfortune\u201d whereas the Germans have \u201cschadenfreude<\/a>,\u201d yet I can genuinely feel this emotion (quite authentically, I might add). And a lot of the research showing these effects of vocabulary generally show an \u201ceffect\u201d, i.e. a bit slower or faster to process something, and not an outright new ability or lack of ability to figure something out.[↩<\/a>]<\/span><\/li>
  4. Prea multe cuvinte? Haha, ce glume am \u00een program, s\u0103 m\u0103 scuip singur de deochi ce \u0219mecher sunt![↩<\/a>]<\/span><\/li>
  5. Cu referin\u021b\u0103 la Ca$$a Loco \u0219i piesa lor de-a dreptul transcendental\u0103 \u201eCe bine \u00eemi pare c\u0103 ai luat \u021beap\u0103<\/a>\u201d.[↩<\/a>]<\/span><\/li>
  6. Apropo de piesa celebr\u0103 de la Ca$$a Loco, s\u0103 se noteze c\u0103 au scos E-an-na ceva mult peste. \u00cei zice, \u00een mod foarte adecvat \u201eDoar de r\u0103u<\/a>\u201d.[↩<\/a>]<\/span><\/li>
  7. De aia-s \u0219i nesuferi\u021bi b\u0103tr\u00eenii, de la o vreme tipologiile umane \u00eencep s\u0103 se repete, persoane \u0219i comportamente v\u0103zute \u0219i re-v\u0103zute ajung s\u0103 formeze tipare, la un moment dat ajungi s\u0103 confunzi fenotipul cu genotipul, manifestarea exterioar\u0103 cu lumea interioar\u0103. Mama fetei de 17 ani a v\u0103zut deja cel pu\u021bin 5 rela\u021bii cu narcisi\u0219ti, \u0219i-i poate spune fetei dinainte \u201evezi c\u0103 o s\u0103-\u021bi fie de r\u0103u cu \u0103sta\u201d. Nici nu conteaz\u0103 particularit\u0103\u021bile lui \u201e\u0103sta\u201d. Partea amuzant\u0103 este \u00eens\u0103 faptul c\u0103 … mama nu poate transmite \u0219i \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103tura\/\u0219tiin\u021ba din spatele concluziei, drept urmare vorbele ei sunt irosite. Experien\u021ba trebuie \u0219i tr\u0103it\u0103, nu doar preluat\u0103 de la \u00eenainta\u0219i.[↩<\/a>]<\/span><\/li>
  8. Having skin in the game.[↩<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><\/ol>----------","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Un articol de pe blogul The Language Nerds ridic\u0103 o \u00eentrebare interesant\u0103: cre\u0219te inteligen\u021ba pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce \u00eenve\u021bi din ce \u00een ce mai multe cuvinte? Pescuim urm\u0103toarele idei: (..) … am putea pune \u0219i \u00eentrebarea … > > > > ><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1273","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-redescoperind-lumea","category-traducerea-si-adaptarea"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/daimon.me\/aleph\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1273","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/daimon.me\/aleph\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/daimon.me\/aleph\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daimon.me\/aleph\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daimon.me\/aleph\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1273"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/daimon.me\/aleph\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1273\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1982,"href":"https:\/\/daimon.me\/aleph\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1273\/revisions\/1982"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/daimon.me\/aleph\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1273"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daimon.me\/aleph\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1273"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daimon.me\/aleph\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1273"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}